人工魚池流水龜紋石假山山腳施工是魚池流水龜紋石假山山體施工起始部分,其主要工作包括拉底、起腳和做腳.這三部分是緊密聯(lián)系的.
The construction of artificial rockery foot is the starting part of rockery construction. Its main work includes bottom pulling, foot lifting and foot making. These three parts are closely related
所謂拉底,就是在山腳線范圍內(nèi)砌筑層山石,即做出墊底的山石層.拉底的方式和拉底山腳線的處理見下面的簡述.
The so-called bottom pulling is to build the first layer of rock within the range of the foot line, that is to make the bottom rock layer. See the following brief description for the method of bottom pulling and the treatment of bottom line
一、拉底的方式
1、 The way to pull the bottom
魚池流水龜紋石假山拉底的方式有滿拉底和周邊拉底兩種.
There are two ways of rockery bottom pulling: full bottom pulling and peripheral bottom pulling
1.滿拉底是在山腳線的范圍內(nèi)用山石滿鋪一層.這種拉底的做法適宜規(guī)模較小、山底面積也較小的魚池流水龜紋石假山,或在北方冬季有凍脹破壞地方的魚池流水龜紋石假山.
This method is suitable for the rockery with small scale and small area at the bottom of the mountain, or in the north where frost heaving damage occurs in winter
2.周邊拉底是先用山石在魚池流水龜紋石假山山腳沿線砌成一圈墊底石,再用亂石碎磚或泥土將石圈內(nèi)全部填起來,壓實后即成為墊底的魚池流水龜紋石假山底層.這一方式適合基底面積較大的大型魚池流水龜紋石假山.
2. Peripheral bottom pulling is to build a circle of bottom stones along the foot of rockery with rocks, and then fill all the stone circles with riprap bricks or soil. After compaction, it becomes the bottom of rockery. This method is suitable for large rockeries with large base area
二、山腳線的處理
2、 Treatment of mountain foot line
1.露腳:即在地面上直接做起山底邊線的墊腳石圈,使整個魚池流水龜紋石假山就象是放在地上似的.這種方式可以減少山石用量和用工量,但魚池流水龜紋石假山的山腳效果會梢差一些.
1. Exposed foot: that is to make a foot stone circle directly on the ground to make the whole rockery look like it is placed on the ground. This method can reduce the amount of rock and labor, but the effect of rockery foot will be worse
2.埋腳:是將山底周邊墊底山石埋入土下約20厘米,可使整座魚池流水龜紋石假山看上去仿佛是從地下長出來似的.在邊腳土中栽植花草后,魚池流水龜紋石假山與地面的結(jié)合就更加緊密、更加自然了.
2. Foot burying: it is to bury the rocks at the bottom of the mountain into the soil about 20 cm, so that the whole rockery looks like it grows out of the ground. After planting flowers and plants in the soil at the foot of the mountain, the combination of the rockery and the ground will be closer and more natural
三、技術(shù)要求
3、 Technical requirements
1、要注意選擇適合的山石來做山底,不得用風(fēng)化過度的松散的山石.
1. Attention should be paid to the selection of suitable rocks to do the bottom of the mountain
2、拉底的山石底部一定要墊平墊穩(wěn),保證不能搖動,以便于向上砌筑山體.
2. The bottom of the rock must be flat and stable to ensure that it can not be shaken, so as to build the mountain upward
3、拉底的石與石之間要緊連互咬.
3. The bottom of the stone and stone should be closely connected with each other
4、山石之間要不規(guī)則地斷續(xù)相間,有斷有連.
4. The rocks are intermittently intermittently and irregularly
5、拉底的邊緣部分,要錯落變化,使山腳彎曲時有不同的半徑,凹進時有不同的凹深和凹陷寬度,要避免山腳的平直和渾圓形狀.
5. The edge part of bottom drawing should be staggered, so that the foot of the mountain has different radius when bending, different concave depth and width when concave, and avoid the straight and round shape of the foot of the mountain